律師，什麼是「緩起訴」？又什麼是「撤銷緩起訴」？【楊忠憲律師】

相對於「起訴」，就是一個人犯罪後，遭到地檢署處分的一種。至於犯罪成不成立？應該要判多久？則是法院的決定。

「緩起訴」是被告認罪，且犯罪事實都已確認，只是檢察官暫時不起訴而已。刑事訴訟法第二百五十三條之一的第一項：「被告所犯為死刑、無期徒刑或最輕本刑三年以上有期徒刑以外之罪，檢察官參酌刑法第五十七條所列事項及公共利益之維護，認以緩起訴為適當者，得定一年以上三年以下之期間為緩起訴處分，其期間自緩起訴處分確定之日起算。」。檢察官也可以依第二百五十三條之二的規定，可以命被告向被害人道歉、書立悔過書、對被害人作出適當的損害賠償、向公庫或指定的公益團體、地方自治團體支付一定的金額、向指定的公益團體、地方自治團體或社區提供四十小時以上二百四十小時以下的義務勞務等等。

「撤銷緩起訴」是依第二百五十三條之三第一項的規定：「第 253-3 條被告於緩起訴期間內，有左列情形之一者，檢察官得依職權或依告訴人之聲請撤銷原處分，繼續偵查或起訴：
一、於期間內故意更犯有期徒刑以上刑之罪，經檢察官提起公訴者。
二、緩起訴前，因故意犯他罪，而在緩起訴期間內受有期徒刑以上刑之宣告者。
三、違背第二百五十三條之二第一項各款之應遵守或履行事項者。
檢察官撤銷緩起訴之處分時，被告已履行之部分，不得請求返還或賠償。」檢察官是可以依職權決定或者經告訴人的聲請，用處分書把原先的緩起訴處分撤銷，再恢復原來的偵查程序。

 

“Lawyer, what is ‘deferred prosecution’? And what is ‘revocation of deferred prosecution’?

In relation to ‘prosecution,’ it is a disposition imposed by the district prosecutor when a person commits a crime. Whether the crime is established and the sentence duration is determined is up to the court’s decision.

‘Deferred prosecution’ is when the defendant admits guilt, and the facts of the crime are confirmed, but the prosecutor temporarily refrains from filing charges. According to Article 253-1 of the Criminal Procedure Code: ‘For offenses punishable by death, life imprisonment, or imprisonment exceeding three years, other than imprisonment of three years or more, the prosecutor, considering the matters listed in Article 57 of the Criminal Code and the maintenance of public interest, may determine a period of deferred prosecution between one year and three years. The period shall be counted from the date when the deferred prosecution disposition is confirmed.’ The prosecutor can also, under Article 253-2, order the defendant to apologize to the victim, make a written statement of repentance, make appropriate restitution to the victim, pay a certain amount to the public treasury or designated public interest groups or local self-governing organizations, or provide voluntary labor for a duration between forty and two hundred forty hours, as specified.

‘Revocation of deferred prosecution’ is in accordance with Article 253-3, Paragraph 1: ’If, during the deferred prosecution period, the defendant falls under any of the following circumstances, the prosecutor may revoke the original disposition and proceed with the investigation or prosecution based on their authority or upon the request of the plaintiff:

1. The defendant intentionally commits another crime punishable by imprisonment, and the prosecutor raises a public prosecution during the period.
2. Before deferred prosecution, the defendant is sentenced to imprisonment for intentionally committing another crime punishable by imprisonment.
3. The defendant violates the obligations or requirements prescribed in Article 253-2, Paragraph 1.
When the prosecutor revokes the deferred prosecution disposition, the portion that the defendant has fulfilled cannot be requested for reimbursement or compensation.’ The prosecutor can use a disposition document to revoke the original deferred prosecution disposition and reinstate the original investigation procedure.